What Is Idgham? Yarmaloon Letters & Types
Idgham is one of the important Tajweed rules for correct Quran recitation. The word Idgham means merging or combining one letter with another.
What Is Idgham?
Idgham means merging the sound of Noon Sakinah or Tanween into the following letter when one of the six Idgham letters occurs.
The 6 Idgham Letters: Yarmaloon
The six letters of Idgham are commonly remembered using the word Yarmaloon:
These six letters are divided into two groups according to whether Ghunnah is used.
Idgham With Ghunnah
Idgham with Ghunnah occurs with four letters:
The four letters can be remembered as ΩΩΩΩΩ ΩΩ. The Noon Sakinah or Tanween is merged into the following letter with Ghunnah.
Idgham Without Ghunnah
Idgham without Ghunnah occurs with two letters:
When Noon Sakinah or Tanween is followed by Lam (Ω) or Ra (Ψ±), the sound is merged without Ghunnah.
Idgham Examples
Here are simple examples that demonstrate the Idgham rule:
Ω ΩΩ ΩΩΨΉΩΩ ΩΩΩ
ΨΊΩΩΩΩΨ±Ω Ψ±ΩΩΨΩΩΩ Ω
π‘ Important Note
Idgham normally applies when Noon Sakinah or Tanween is followed by one of the six Idgham letters. Learning the letter groups makes the rule much easier to recognize during Quran recitation.
How to Identify Idgham
- Look for Noon Sakinah or Tanween.
- Check the next letter.
- If it is one of the six Yarmaloon letters, Idgham may apply.
- Determine whether the following letter belongs to the Ghunnah group or the without Ghunnah group.
- Apply the correct merging rule while reciting.
π Tajweed Series β 9 Rules
Continue learning Tajweed with the complete series:
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